We often think of cardiovascular risk in terms of cholesterol, blood pressure, or genetics. But a massive new study of nearly 500,000 UK Biobank participants puts another factor squarely in the spotlight: chronic systemic inflammation.

Researchers measured inflammation primarily using GlycA, a blood-based marker of chronic inflammation, and found that people in the highest fifth had a 43% greater risk of major adverse cardiovascular events than those in the lowest fifth. Higher inflammation was also associated with changes in heart structure and function. Importantly, the investigators performed parallel analyses using high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), the most widely studied inflammatory blood biomarker, and observed similar associations with cardiovascular outcomes.

But perhaps the most encouraging finding is what appears to shape that inflammation. Body fat distribution, smoking, psychological factors, and socioeconomic conditions showed some of the strongest relationships. In the other direction, greater physical activity and healthier diet were associated with lower systemic inflammation.  

Genes still matter. In fact, the study showed that genetic susceptibility can influence how strongly people respond to environmental exposures. But the larger message is encouraging: your inflammatory physiology is not dictated by genetics alone. Many of the factors associated with it are things we can influence – including what we eat.

That is part of the problem Quellios is working to solve. If chronic systemic inflammation is clinically meaningful, and diet is one of the everyday factors associated with it, then simply telling everyone to “eat healthy” leaves an important question unanswered: Which foods actually work best for you? Quellios is developing bio-optical tools to help track inflammatory physiology, alongside individual food responses, with the goal of helping people identify eating patterns that may help lower their inflammatory burden over time.

This study is observational, so it does not prove that changing a particular food will lower inflammation or prevent a cardiovascular event. But across nearly half a million people, the picture is hard to ignore: systemic inflammation is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk, and many of the factors associated with inflammation are modifiable.

  1. Mattia Corianò, Shamin Tahasildar, Ling Huang, Khaled Rjoob, Majid Vafaeezadeh, Soodeh Kalaie, Jin Zheng, Lara Curran, Parisa Gifani, Marc-Emmanuel Dumas, Declan P O’Regan, Gene–environment interactions shape cytokine-mediated inflammation and cardiovascular risk, European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2026.
  2. Tejada B, Joehanes R, Hwang SJ, Huan T, Yao C, Ho JE, Levy D. Systemic Inflammation is Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes. J Inflamm Res. 2022 Dec 29;15:6891-6903. 

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